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PDOC00712
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1995-07-26
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* Nitrilases / cyanide hydratase signatures *
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Nitrilases (EC 3.5.5.1) are enzymes that convert nitriles into their
corresponding acids and ammonia. They are widespread in microbes as well as in
plants where they convert indole-3-acetonitrile to the hormone indole-3-
acetic acid. A conserved cysteine has been shown [1,2] to be essential for
enzyme activity; it seems to be involved in a nucleophilic attack on the
nitrile carbon atom.
Cyanide hydratase (EC 4.2.1.66) converts HCN to formamide. In phytopathogenic
fungi, it is used to avoid the toxic effect of cyanide released by wounded
plants [3]. The sequence of cyanide hydrolase is evolutionary related to that
of nitrilases.
As signature patterns for these enzymes, we selected two conserved regions.
The first is located in the N-terminal section while the second, which
contains the active site cysteine, is located in the central section.
-Consensus pattern: A-x(3)-G-x(2)-[LIVMFY](2)-x-F-x-E-x-[FYW]-[LIVM]-x-G-Y-P
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-Consensus pattern: G-[GAQ]-x(2)-C-[WA]-E-[NH]-x(2)-[PST]-[LIVMFY]-x-[KR]
[C is the active site residue]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-Last update: October 1993 / First entry.
[ 1] Kobayashi M., Izui H., Nagasawa T., Yamada H.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:247-251(1993).
[ 2] Kobayashi M., Komeda H., Yanaka N., Nagasawa T., Yamada H.
J. Biol. Chem. 267:20746-20751(1992).
[ 3] Wang P., Vanetten H.D.
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 187:1048-1054(1992).